Mold Education Guidepage 1 2 |
Click to view the Glossary of mold types
1) Hyphal Growth This stage consists of thread-like filaments
called hyphae, which release enzymes for the degradation and absorption
of specific substrates (e.g. components of wood, organic debris, or
skin).
2) Spore Formation Spore production is dependent on a number
of environmental variables such as light, oxygen levels, temperature,
and nutrient availability. Spores are produced on specialized hyphal
cells.
3) Spores Spores serve as the primary means for dispersal
and survival. Mold spores can remain dormant for months or even years
and are often able to withstand extremely adverse conditions.
4) Spore Germination Spore germination also requires specific
environmental and biological factors. Nutrient availability and moisture
levels are especially important; however, fungi in certain environments
may require more specific cues.
Molds are microscopic organisms found virtually everywhere, indoors and outdoors. Mold spores are tiny, lightweight, and easily detached by airflow, vacuuming, walking on a carpet or sitting on a couch. In indoor environments, they grow in air-conditioning ducts, carpets, pots of household plants, etc. They produce and release millions of spores, which are small enough to stay airborne threatening to invade the human respiratory system. Mold growths can often be seen in the form of discoloration, ranging from white to orange and from green to brown and black. In large quantities, molds can cause allergic symptoms similar to those caused by plant pollen. In order for mold to grow, it needs food sources (such as leaves, wood, paper, or dirt), a source of moisture, and a place to grow. |
UNDERSTANDING TYPES OF MOLD |
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Allergenic molds are normally not dangerous in low amounts,
but they can cause allergenic or asthmatic symptoms such as wheezing
or runny nose. These molds can be abated safely with the assistance
of gloves and a disposable particulate-removing respirator. Mycotoxic molds can cause serious health effects in humans and animals. Health effects range from short-term irration to immunosuppression to cancer and even death. If any toxic molds are identified, it is suggested that you seek advise from an Industrial Hygienist or other mold professional for guidance. The average homeowner should NOT attempt the abatement of these types of mold. Pathogenic molds can cause serious health effects in persons with with suppressed immune systems, those taking chemotherapy, those with HIV/AIDS, or autoimmunity disorders. If any pathogenic molds are identified, it is suggested that you seek advise from an Industrial Hygienist or other mold professional for guidance. The average homeowner should NOT attempt the abatement of these types of mold. Hyphae & hyphal elements refer to single, unidentifiable fragments of mold. Although they may not be traceable to a specific mold species, the fragments themselves may be responsible for allergic reactions in some people and may indicate pervious or current growth event. Smut spores are agricultural spores from outside sources. Ascospores and basidiospores are clusters of spores that may not be easily identified as per specific species, but may still represent a mold problem in the home. |